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Table 1 Patient demographics and tumor characteristics of the investigation cohort (n = 35)

From: Serum metabolites may be useful markers to assess vascular invasion and identify normal alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver resection: a pilot study

 

No (%)

Age (year) (mean 62.7 ± 1.9)

 

 ≦ 65

20 (57.1)

 > 65

15 (42.9)

Gender

 

Male

27 (77.1)

Female

8 (22.9)

Smoking

 

Yes

11 (31.4)

No

24 (68.6)

Alcohol

 

Yes

6 (17.1)

No

29 (82.9)

HBsAg

 

Positive

23 (65.7)

Negative

12 (34.3)

Anti-HCV Ab

 

Positive

8 (22.9)

Negative

27 (77.1)

Cirrhosis

 

Yes

14 (40.0)

No

21 (60.0)

ICG-15 (%)

 

≦ 10

20 (57.1)

> 10

15 (42.9)

AFP (ng/ml)

 

≦ 15

14 (40.0)

> 15

21 (60.0)

AFP (ng/ml)

 

≦ 200

27 (77.1)

> 200

8 (22.9)

Surgical procedure

 

Major

9 (25.7)

Minor

26 (74.3)

Size (cm)

 

≦ 5

24 (68.6)

> 5

11 (31.4)

Encapsulation

 

Yes

28 (80.0)

No

7 (20.0)

Vascular invasion

 

Yes

14 (40.0)

No

21 (60.0)

Tumor rupture

 

Yes

3 (8.6)

No

32 (91.4)

Daughter nodules

 

Yes

4 (11.4)

No

31 (88.6)

Resection margin

 

Positive

0 (0)

Negative

35 (100)

Edmondson grade

 

I/II

4(11.8)/10(28.6)

III/IV

18(52.9)/3(8.8)

Early recurrencea

 

Yes

4 (11.4)

No

31 (88.6)

  1. aTumor recurrence within 2 years after surgery