Skip to main content

Table 3 Association of histologic tumor necrosis with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as determined by the chi-squared (χ2) test

From: Angiogenic inflammation and formation of necrosis in the tumor microenvironment influence patient survival after radical surgery for de novo hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhosis

Variable

Necrosis+

Necrosis

p

No. of patients

35

23

 

Patient- and tumor-related variables

  Patient age, years

  

0.707

    ≤ 60

12 (34.3%)

9 (39.1%)

 

    > 60

23 (65.7%)

14 (60.9%)

 

  Gender

  

0.920

    Female

27 (77.1%)

18 (78.3%)

 

    Male

8 (22.9%)

5 (21.7%)

 

  Multiple tumor nodules

  

0.587

    Positive

7 (20.0%)

6 (26.1%)

 

    Negative

28 (80.0%)

17 (73.9%)

 

  Tumor size, mm

  

0.001

    ≤ 50

2 (5.7%)

9 (39.1%)

 

    > 50

33 (94.3%)

14 (60.9%)

 

  Angioinvasion

  

0.120

    Positive

21 (60.0%)

9 (39.1%)

 

    Negative

14 (40.0%)

14 (60.9%)

 

  Lymphangiosis carcinomatosa

  

0.304

    Positive

12 (34.3%)

5 (21.7%)

 

    Negative

23 (65.7%)

18 (78.3%)

 

  Histologic differentiation

  

0.262

    Well

5 (14.3%)

6 (26.1%)

 

    Moderate/poor

30 (85.7%)

17 (73.9%)

 

  Pathologic T stage

  

0.038

    T1/T2

14 (40.0%)

15 (68.2%)

 

    T3/T4

21 (60.0%)

8 (31.8%)

 

  Pathologic N stage

  

0.076

    Positive

0 (00.0%)

2 (8.7%)

 

    Negative

35 (100.0%)

21 (91.3%)

 

  TEMs in TCA

  

0.026

    Positive

12 (34.3%)

2 (8.7%)

 

    Negative

23 (65.7%)

21 (91.3%)

 

  TEMs in TIF

  

0.402

    Positive

25 (71.4%)

14 (60.9%)

 

    Negative

10 (28.6%)

9 (39.1%)

 

  Angiopoietin-1 in TCA

  

0.149

    Positive

3 (8.6%)

0 (00.0%)

 

    Negative

32 (91.4%)

23 (100.0%)

 

  Angiopoietin-1 in TIF

  

0.245

    Positive

28 (80.0%)

21 (91.3%)

 

    Negative

7 (20.0%)

2 (8.7%)

 

  Angiopoietin-2 in TCA

  

0.818

    Positive

2 (5.7%)

1 (4.3%)

 

    Negative

33 (94.3%)

22 (95.7%)

 

  Angiopoietin-2 in TIF

  

0.326

    Positive

1 (2.9%)

2 (8.7%)

 

    Negative

34 (97.1%)

21 (91.3%)

 

Operative variables

  R status

  

0.245

    Positive

7 (20.0%)

2 (8.7%)

 

    Negative

28 (80.0%)

21 (91.3%)

 

Variables of patient outcome

  Local tumor recurrence

  

0.662

    Positive

11 (31.4%)

6 (26.1%)

 

    Negative

24 (68.6%)

17 (73.9%)

 

  Overall tumor recurrence

  

0.087

    Positive

17 (48.6%)

6 (26.1%)

 

    Negative

18 (51.4%)

17 (73.9%)

 

  Metastases

  

0.103

     Positive

9 (25.7%)

2 (8.7%)

 

    Negative

26 (74.3%)

21 (91.3%)

 
  1. The Fischer test was applied when the number of patients in the subgroups was less than five (n < 5) in more than 25% of cases