Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of all the patients (n = 1511)
Variables a | Nomogram develop set (n = 1057) | External validation set (n = 454) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early recurrence | P value | Early recurrence | P value | |||
Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
(n = 216) | (n = 841) | (n = 95) | (n = 359) | |||
Age (years) | 57.28 ± 11.70 | 55.31 ± 10.75 | 0.018 | 56.35 ± 11.98 | 55.74 ± 10.20 | 0.618 |
Sex | Â | Â | 0.741 | Â | Â | 0.770 |
 Female | 75 (7.10%) | 282 (26.88%) |  | 33 (7.27%) | 119 (26.21%) |  |
 Male | 141 (13.34%) | 559 (52.89%) |  | 62 (13.66%) | 240 (52.86%) |  |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.14 ± 2.92 | 21.82 ± 2.90 | 0.002 | 21.23 ± 2.89 | 22.00 ± 2.97 | 0.025 |
Any comorbidities | Â | Â | 0.208 | Â | Â | 0.923 |
 No | 158 (14.95%) | 578 (54.68%) |  | 67 (14.76%) | 255 (56.17%) |  |
 Yes | 58 (5.49%) | 263 (24.88%) |  | 28 (6.17%) | 104 (22.91%) |  |
ASA score | Â | Â | 0.097 | Â | Â | 0.770 |
 1 | 29 (2.74%) | 129 (12.20%) |  | 17 (3.74%) | 70 (15.42%) |  |
 2 | 152 (14.38%) | 619 (58.56%) |  | 66 (14.54%) | 247 (54.41%) |  |
 3 | 35 (3.31%) | 89 (8.42%) |  | 11 (2.42%) | 41 (9.03%) |  |
 4 | 0 (0%) | 4 (0.38%) |  | 1 (0.22%) | 1 (0.22%) |  |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 112.87 ± 26.06 | 117.61 ± 25.07 | 0.014 | 114.61 ± 27.02 | 119.03 ± 25.02 | 0.132 |
Albumin level (g/L) | 37.27 ± 5.14 | 38.08 ± 4.58 | 0.024 | 37.74 ± 4.74 | 37.95 ± 4.40 | 0.684 |
Lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 1.62 ± 0.61 | 1.77 ± 0.66 | 0.002 | 1.66 ± 0.67 | 1.76 ± 0.60 | 0.153 |
Prognostic nutritional index | 45.35 ± 6.53 | 46.94 ± 6.07 | 0.001 | 46.01 ± 6.39 | 46.73 ± 5.66 | 0.286 |
Tumor diameter (cm) | 5.26 ± 2.25 | 4.48 ± 2.00 | < 0.001 | 5.10 ± 2.18 | 4.52 ± 2.00 | 0.014 |
Tumor location | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | 0.002 |
 Upper | 27 (2.55%) | 74 (7.00%) |  | 12 (12.64%) | 32 (7.05%) |  |
 Middle | 60 (5.68%) | 185 (17.50%) |  | 30 (6.61%) | 81 (17.84%) |  |
 Lower | 112 (10.60%) | 561 (53.07%) |  | 43 (9.47%) | 233 (51.32%) |  |
 Mixed | 17 (1.61%) | 21 (1.99%) |  | 10 (2.20%) | 13 (2.86%) |  |
Gastrectomy extent | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | < 0.001 |
 Sub-total | 124 (11.73%) | 642 (60.74%) |  | 53 (11.67%) | 268 (59.03%) |  |
 Total | 92 (8.70%) | 199 (18.83%) |  | 42 (9.25%) | 91 (20.04%) |  |
Pathological type | Â | Â | 0.131 | Â | Â | 0.541 |
 Differentiated | 15(1.42%) | 87 (8.23%) |  | 9 (1.98%) | 42 (9.25%) |  |
 Undifferentiated | 201 (19.02%) | 754 (71.33%) |  | 86 (18.94%) | 317 (69.82%) |  |
Positive lymph node ratio | 0.46 ± 0.29 | 0.23 ± 0.24 | < 0.001 | 0.43 ± 0.31 | 0.23 ± 0.24 | < 0.001 |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 6 cycles | 45 (4.26%) | 286 (27.06%) |  | 15 (3.30%) | 123 (27.09%) |  |
 <6 cycles | 171 (16.18%) | 555 (52.51%) |  | 80 (17.62%) | 236 (51.98%) |  |
Peri-operative blood transfusion | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | 0.025 |
 No | 142 (13.43%) | 670 (63.39%) |  | 66 (14.54%) | 288 (63.44%) |  |
 Yes | 74 (7.00%) | 171 (16.18%) |  | 29 (6.39%) | 71 (15.64%) |  |
Post-operative infection complications | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | 0.660 |
 No | 189 (17.88%) | 798 (75.50%) |  | 88 (19.33%) | 337 (74.23%) |  |
 Yes | 27 (2.55%) | 43 (4.07%) |  | 7 (1.54%) | 22 (4.85%) |  |
pT stage | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | 0.226 |
 T1 | 1 (0.09%) | 19 (1.80%) |  | 1 (0.22%) | 7 (1.54%) |  |
 T2 | 5 (0.47%) | 89 (8.42%) |  | 4 (0.88%) | 38 (8.37%) |  |
 T3 | 12 (1.14%) | 70 (6.62%) |  | 6 (1.32%) | 26 (5.73%) |  |
 T4 | 198 (18.73%) | 663 (62.72%) |  | 84 (18.50%) | 288 (63.44%) |  |
pN stage | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | < 0.001 |
 N0 | 12 (1.14%) | 203 (19.21%) |  | 11 (2.42%) | 96 (21.15%) |  |
 N1 | 28 (2.65%) | 178 (16.84%) |  | 13 (2.86%) | 71 (15.64%) |  |
 N2 | 36 (3.41%) | 229 (21.67%) |  | 20 (4.41%) | 94 (20.70%) |  |
 N3 | 140 (13.25%) | 231 (21.85%) |  | 51 (11.23%) | 98 (21.59%) |  |
pTNM stage | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | < 0.001 |
 II | 14 (1.32%) | 294 (27.81%) |  | 14 (3.08%) | 137 (30.18%) |  |
 III | 202 (19.11%) | 547 (51.75%) |  | 81 (17.84%) | 222 (48.90%) |  |