From: Factors predicting recurrence after curative resection for rectal cancer: a 16-year study
Prognostic factors | Risk category | Reference category | Multivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | p | |||
Factors related to the population | |||||
Sex | Female | Male | 1.356 | 0.5–3.3 | 0.50 |
Age | < 50 years | ≥ 50 years | 0.429 | 0.1–1.0 | 0.07 |
Factors related to the tumor | |||||
Stenotic character | Stenotic | Non-stenotic | 4.387 | 1.2–15.2 | 0.02 |
Size | ≥ 5 cm | < 5 cm | 0.710 | 0.2–1.7 | 0.45 |
Factors related to adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment | |||||
Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy | Absent | Present | 1.502 | 0.6–3.3 | 0.32 |
Factors related to surgery | |||||
Surgical intervention | Abdominoperineal resection | Anterior resection of the rectum | 1.216 | 0.4–3.1 | 0.69 |
Distal margin | ≤ 2 cm | > 2 cm | 6.819 | 2.7–16.6 | 0.00 |
Intraoperative incident | Yes | No | 1.627 | 0.2–9.0 | 0.57 |
Pathological factors | |||||
Parietal invasion (pT stage) | T3–T4 | T1–T2 | 3.073 | 1.1–9.4 | 0.05 |
Perforated character of the tumor | Yes | No | 2.279 | 0.1–33.6 | 0.54 |
Ganglionic invasion (pN stage) | Yes | No | 0.300 | 0–6.7 | 0.44 |
Extra capsular invasion | Yes | No | 4.408 | 1.3–14.0 | 0.01 |
Vascular emboli | Yes | No | 1.398 | 0.5–3.4 | 0.47 |
lymphatic and perineural invasion | Yes | No | 2.369 | 0.7–7.0 | 0.12 |
pTNM stage | III and IV | I and II | 4.623 | 0.2–90.9 | 0.31 |