Table 1 Demographic and perioperative characteristics before and after propensity score matching
Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drain | No drain | P value | Drain | No drain | P value | |
(n = 327) | (n = 301) | (n = 145) | (n = 145) | |||
Sex, n (%) | 0.048 | 0.613 | ||||
Male | 237 (72.5) | 196 (65.1) | 102 (70.3) | 97 (66.9) | ||
Female | 90 (27.5) | 105 (34.9) | 43 (29.7) | 48 (33.1) | ||
Age, mean ± SD, years | 68.8 ± 10.0 | 69.2 ± 11.3 | 0.629 | 68.3 ± 10.7 | 68.4 ± 11.6 | 0.937 |
Body mass index (BMI), mean ± SD | 22.7 ± 3.4 | 22.6 ± 3.0 | 0.527 | 22.7 ± 3.1 | 22.6 ± 2.9 | 0.895 |
Performance status (ECOG), n (%) | 0.284 | 0.966 | ||||
0 | 193 (59.0) | 158 (52.5) | 88 (60.7) | 88 (60.7) | ||
1 | 112 (34.3) | 114 (37.9) | 46 (31.7) | 44 (30.3) | ||
2 | 21 (6.4) | 26 (8.6) | 11 (7.6) | 12 (8.3) | ||
3 | 1 (0.3) | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | ||
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||||
Ischemic heart disease | 27 (8.3) | 17 (5.6) | 0.214 | 8 (5.5) | 10 (6.9) | 0.809 |
Heart failure | 2 (0.6) | 4 (1.3) | 0.434 | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 1 |
Hypertension | 127 (38.8) | 120 (39.9) | 0.807 | 57 (39.3) | 60 (41.4) | 0.811 |
Diabetes mellitus | 51 (15.6) | 43 (14.3) | 0.656 | 22 (15.2) | 21 (14.5) | 1 |
Chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis | 20 (6.1) | 6 (2.0) | 0.015 | 3 (2.1) | 5 (3.4) | 0.723 |
Hemodialysis | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.7) | 1 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 1 |
Ventilatory impairment | 69 (21.1) | 58 (19.3) | 0.619 | 29 (20.0) | 25 (17.2) | 0.651 |
Regular steroid use | 9 (2.8) | 3 (1.0) | 0.146 | 4 (2.8) | 3 (2.1) | 1 |
Anti-thrombotic therapy | 47 (14.4) | 34 (11.3) | 0.284 | 17 (11.7) | 21 (14.5) | 0.602 |
History of abdominal surgery | 122 (37.3) | 105 (34.9) | 0.561 | 57 (39.3) | 51 (35.2) | 0.544 |
Depth of invasion, n (%) | < 0.001 | 0.943 | ||||
cT1 | 125 (38.2) | 180 (59.8) | 80 (55.2) | 75 (51.7) | ||
cT2 | 60 (18.3) | 53 (17.6) | 24 (16.6) | 26 (17.9) | ||
cT3 | 62 (19.0) | 33 (11.0) | 19 (13.1) | 19 (13.1) | ||
cT4 | 80 (24.5) | 35 (11.6) | 22 (15.2) | 25 (17.2) | ||
Node metastasis, n (%) | < 0.001 | 0.48 | ||||
cN0 | 230 (70.3) | 253 (84.1) | 118 (81.4) | 112 (77.2) | ||
cN1 | 48 (14.7) | 24 (8.0) | 10 (6.9) | 17 (11.7) | ||
cN2 | 39 (11.9) | 20 (6.6) | 12 (8.3) | 13 (9.0) | ||
cN3 | 10 (3.1) | 4 (1.3) | 5 (3.4) | 3 (2.1) | ||
Preoperative chemotherapy, n (%) | 26 (8.0) | 13 (4.3) | 0.069 | 9 (6.2) | 9 (6.2) | 1 |
Operative procedure, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Distal gastrectomy (DG) | 173 (52.9) | 256 (85.0) | 104 (71.7) | 109 (75.2) | ||
Total gastrectomy (TG) | 134 (41.0) | 40 (13.3) | 34 (23.4) | 32 (22.1) | ||
Remnant gastrectomy | 20 (6.1) | 5 (1.7) | 7 (4.8) | 4 (2.8) | ||
Extent of lymphadenectomy, n (%) | < 0.001 | 0.878 | ||||
DG D1+ or less | 86 (26.3) | 167 (55.5) | 58 (40.0) | 63 (43.4) | ||
DG D2 | 87 (26.6) | 89 (29.6) | 46 (31.7) | 46 (31.7) | ||
TG D1+ or less | 115 (35.2) | 43 (14.3) | 38 (26.2) | 34 (23.4) | ||
TG D2 | 39 (11.9) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 2 (1.4) | ||
Combined resection of other organs, n (%) | 40 (12.2) | 4 (1.3) | < 0.001 | 3 (2.1) | 2 (1.4) | 1 |
Type of reconstruction, n (%) | < 0.001 | 0.923 | ||||
Billroth I | 108 (33.0) | 189 (62.8) | 74 (51.0) | 80 (55.2) | ||
Billroth II | 44 (13.5) | 45 (15.0) | 19 (13.1) | 20 (13.8) | ||
Roux-en-Y (DG) | 22 (6.7) | 22 (7.3) | 11 (7.6) | 9 (6.2) | ||
Roux-en-Y (TG; functional end-to-end) | 101 (30.9) | 40 (13.3) | 34 (23.4) | 31 (21.4) | ||
Roux-en-Y (TG; overlap) | 51 (15.6) | 5 (1.7) | 7 (4.8) | 5 (3.4) | ||
Roux-en-Y (TG; circular stapler) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
R status, n (%) | 0.004 | 0.195 | ||||
R0 | 286 (87.5) | 285 (94.7) | 139 (95.9) | 132 (91.0) | ||
R1 | 24 (7.3) | 7 (2.3) | 2 (1.4) | 7 (4.8) | ||
R2 | 17 (5.2) | 9 (3.0) | 4 (2.8) | 6 (4.1) | ||
Blood loss, mean ± SD, ml | 52.7 ± 138.3 | 18.7 ± 62.0 | < 0.001 | 22.5 ± 72.1 | 26.8 ± 80.8 | 0.634 |
Operation time, mean ± SD, min | 349 ± 78 | 268 ± 62 | < 0.001 | 308 ± 57 | 304 ± 62 | 0.598 |