The role of definitive chemoradiotherapy versus surgery as initial treatments for potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma

Ma, Ming-Wei; Gao, Xian-Shu; Gu, Xiao-Bin; Xie, Mu; Cui, Ming; Zhang, Min; Liu, Ling; Yin, Huan; Chen, Long-Qi

doi:10.1186/s12957-018-1470-y

Table 1 Characters and treatment regimens in trials included in the meta-analysis

From: The role of definitive chemoradiotherapy versus surgery as initial treatments for potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma

Study	Study period	Country	Study design	Group	SCC, n(%)	EAC, n(%)	TN stage	Location	Treatment regimen	N	R0 rate %	Follow-up (months)
Chan 1999 [18]	1984–1994	Canada	nRCT	CRT	68(83)	14(17)	T1-3Nany	Thoracic/EGJ	RT 50–60 Gy concurrent with mitomycin C + 5-FU	82		U
Chan 1999 [18]	1984–1994	Canada	nRCT	S	24(30)	57(70)	T1-3Nany	Thoracic/EGJ	Transhiatal/thoracoabdominal esophagectomy	81	83	U
Hironaka 2003 [22]	1992–1999	Japan	nRCT	CRT	53(100)	0	T2-3Nany	Thoracic	RT 60 Gy (2-week break) + PF (weekly, 5 weeks*2)	53		43
Hironaka 2003 [22]	1992–1999	Japan	nRCT	S	45(100)	0	T2-3Nany	Thoracic	Total or subtotal thoracic esophagectomy with 3-field resection	45	98	43
Sun 2006 [15]	1998–2002	China	RCT	CRT	134(100)	0	T1-3N0	Thoracic	RT (LCAF) 68.4–71 Gy	134		57
Sun 2006 [15]	1998–2002	China	RCT	S	135(100)	0	T1-3N0	Thoracic	U	135		57
Toh 2006 [21]	1995–2003	Japan	nRCT	CRT	25(100)	0	T1N0-1	Thoracic	RT 60 Gy + PF (5 days a week, 4 weeks)	25		32
Toh 2006 [21]	1995–2003	Japan	nRCT	S	24(100)	0	T1N0-1	Thoracic	Right transthoracic subtotal esophagectomy with 2/3-field dissection	24	88	32
Yamashita 2009 [16]	2000–2009	Japan	nRCT	CRT	65(90)	5(7)*	T1N1 or T2-4N0-1	Cervical/thoracic	RT 50.4 Gy, 1.8 Gy/f, nedaplatin + 5-FU*4	72		37.8
Yamashita 2009 [16]	2000–2009	Japan	nRCT	S	54(96)	0	T1N1 or T2-4N0-1	Cervical/thoracic	Total/subtotal thoracic esophagectomy with at least 2-field lymphadenectomy.	56		37.8
Yamashita 2008 [25]	2000–2005	Japan	nRCT	CRT	33(100)	0	T1-3Nany	Cervical/thoracic	RT 50.4 Gy + PF*2~4	33		36
Yamashita 2008 [25]	2000–2005	Japan	nRCT	S	49(100)	0	T1-3Nany	Cervical/thoracic	Left thoracotomy by total or subtotal thoracic esophagectomy + least a 2-field lymphadenectomy	49	98	36
Ariga 2009 [23]	2001–2005	Japan	nRCT	CRT	51(100)	0	T1-3N0-1	Thoracic	RT 60 Gy (including a 2-week break) + PF	51		49.7
Ariga 2009 [23]	2001–2005	Japan	nRCT	S	48(100)	0	T1-3N0-1	Thoracic	Thoracoscopy + 2/3-field lymph node dissection.	48	91	36.4
Morgan 2009 [17]	1998–2005	UK	nRCT	CRT	93(53.8)	80(46.2)	T1-4Nany	Thoracic	RT 50 Gy, 2 Gy/f, PF*4	173		U
Morgan 2009 [17]	1998–2005	UK	nRCT	S	18(14.3)	108(85.7)	T1-4Nany	Thoracic	2-phase method described by Lewis and Tanner.	126		U
Yamamoto 2011 [26]	1995–2008	Japan	nRCT	CRT	54(100)	0	T1N0	Cervical/thoracic	RT 60 Gy concurrently with PF*2 cycles	54		30
Yamamoto 2011 [26]	1995–2008	Japan	nRCT	S	116(100)	0	T1N0	Cervical/thoracic	Right thoracotomy + 2/3-field lymphadenectomy	116	100	67
Motoori 2012 [24]	1995–2007	Japan	nRCT	CRT	71(100)	0	T1bN0	Thoracic	RT ≥ 50 Gy concurrently with 5-FU and cisplatin-based chemotherapy	71		U
Motoori 2012 [24]	1995–2007	Japan	nRCT	S	102(100)	0	T1bN0	Thoracic	Subtotal esophagectomy via right thoracotomy with 2/3-field lymphadenectomy	102	100	U
Teoh 2013 [14]	2000–2004	Hong Kong(China)	RCT	CRT	36(100)	0	T1-4N0-1	Mid/lower thoracic	RT 50–60 Gy, 2 Gy/f PF*3 weekly cycles	36		93
Teoh 2013 [14]	2000–2004	Hong Kong(China)	RCT	S	44(100)	0	T1-4N0-1	Mid/lower thoracic	2- or 3-stage esophagectomy with 2-field lymphadenectomy	44	86.4
Park 2014 [19]	2003–2012	Korea	nRCT	CRT	20(100)	0	T1N0	Thoracic	Induction XP + RT 54 Gy concurrently with XP/PF or RT alone	20		49
Park 2014 [19]	2003–2012	Korea	nRCT	S	256(97)	2(0.8)**	T1N0	Thoracic	Ivor Lewis or McKeown, or a transhiatal esophagectomy, with 2/3-field lymph node dissection	264	98.9	49
Matsuda 2015 [20]	2002–2011	Japan	nRCT	CRT	65(100)	0	T1-3N0-2	Thoracic	RT > 50 Gy + PF	65		46
Matsuda 2015 [20]	2002–2011	Japan	nRCT	S	112(100)	0	T1-3N0-2	Thoracic	Transthoracic esophagectomy with 2/3-field lymphadenectomy	112	87	46

RCT randomised clinical trials, nRCT non-randomised clinical trials, EGJ esophagogastic junction, RT radiation therapy, 5-FU 5-fluorouracil, PF fluorouracil and cisplatin, LCAF late course accelerated fractionation, U unavailable, XP cisplatin + capecitabine
*Two (3%) patients from dCRT group and three (4%) patients from surgery group had esophageal cancer with other pathological types other than ESCC or EAC
**Six (2.2%) patients from the surgery group had esophageal cancer with other pathological types other than ESCC or EAC

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ISSN: 1477-7819

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