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Table 1 Summary of surgical procedures for the resection of rectal GIST

From: Management of a case of high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor in rectum by transanal minimal invasive surgery

S.N

Procedure

Benefits

Demerits

Cost

Morbidity rate.

1.

Local trans-anal resection [6, 12]

• Used usually for lower rectal lesions

• Easy and minimally invasive

Local recurrences is high due to poor quality of excision and fragmentation of tumor

Cheaper

Up to 22%

2.

Trans-sacral resection [11, 20]

Beneficial for GISTS that are large and grow away from rectal lumen

• More invasive than TAMIS

• Increased risk of poor perineal wound healing and fecal fistula

Cheaper

Up to 21%

3.

TEM [12, 16]

Superior quality of resection, decreased local recurrence, and improved survival

• Anorectal dysfunction may occur due to rigid anoscope

• Steep learning curve and need of highly qualified surgeon

Expensive than TAMIS

Up to 29%

4.

TAMIS [6, 16]

• Superior operative results

• Convenient access device and less effects on anorectal functions

Difficult to access upper rectum and not suitable for large tumors

Reasonable cost

Up to 7.4%