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Table 1 Clinical data of 37 cases of intrahepatic splenosis

From: Management of intrahepatic splenosis:a case report and review of the literature

Author, year

Age (years), gender

Trauma, splenectomy

Liver diseases

Time interval (years)

Symptoms

Diagnostic modality

Number

Subcapsular location

Capsule

Diagnostic hypothesis

Segment, size (mm)

Invasive measure

Follow-up

Teles 2018 [3]

73, M

Splenectomy

No

N/D

Lower back pain

US, CT, MRI

scintigraph

2

Yes

Yes

hepatic neoplasia

II, III

36

Surgery

No symptoms for 2 years

Wang 2017 [4]

54, M

Both

HBV

23

Abdominal pain

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

Right posterior lobe 31 × 27

Surgery

No symptoms for 18 months

Wang 2017 [5]

42, M

Both

HBV/BCV

16

Lower back pain

CT, MRI

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

IV

3 × 3

Surgery

N/D

Keck 2017 [6]

66, M

Both

HCV

N/D

No

MRI

2

Yes

N/D

HCC

VII, VIII

53

Biopsy

N/D

Jereb 2016 [7]

22, M

Both

No

18

No

US, CT, MRI

5

Yes

N/D

Liver metastases

II, VI, VII

26 × 26

Surgery

N/D

He 2016 [8]

51, M

Both

No

20

No

US, CT, MRI

2

N/D

N/D

HCC

Left lobe, right lobe 33 × 26

Biopsy

N/D

Liu 2015 [9]

33, M

Both

No

30

No

US, CT, MRI

3

Yes

N/D

HCC/Liver metastases

III, Right lobe

42 × 30

Biopsy

No symptoms for 2 years

Li 2015 [10]

67, F

Both

HCV, cirrhosis

5

No

CT, MRI

angiography

1

N/D

Yes

HCC

Left lobe

Surgery

No symptoms for 3 years

Sato 2014 [11]

58, M

Neither

HCV, cirrhosis

No

No

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

Right lateral lobe 39 × 30

Surgery

No symptoms for 1 year

Levi Sandri 2014 [12]

54, M

Both

HBV, cirrhosis

25

N/D

CT

1

N/D

Yes

HCC

III

45 × 35 × 15

Surgery

N/D

Leong 2013 [13]

56, M

Both

No

25

Abdominal pain

US, CT, MRI

PET

1

N/D

N/D

Neuroendocrine tumor

III

46 × 37 × 31

Surgery

No symptoms for 6 months

Krawczyk 2013 [14]

39, F

Both

No

N/D

Abdominal pain

CT, MRI, scintigraphy

1

Yes

N/D

Hepatocellular adenoma

II

32 × 20

No

No symptoms for 3 months

Inchingolo 2013 [15]

53, M

Both

Non alcoholic steatohepatitis

33

No

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

N/D

HCC/hepatic adenoma

III, IV

35

Surgery

N/D

Liu 2012 [16]

49, F

Both

No

20

Subxiphoid pain

US, CT

3

Yes

N/D

Liver tumor

Left lateral lobe

50 × 50

Surgery

No symptoms for 4 months

Liu 2012 [17]

38, M

Both

HBV

14

No

US, CT

1

Yes

Yes

Liver tumor

Left lateral lobe

33 × 27

Surgery

N/D

Kang 2011 [18]

54, M

Both

No

15

No

US, CT, MRI

PET-CT

2

Yes

Yes

Liver metastatic

nodules

II

23 × 19

Surgery

N/D

Mescoli 2010 [19]

68, F

Neither

Hepatitis, cirrhosis

No

Abdominal pain

US, CT, MRI

3

N/D

N/D

Liver tumor

III, V, VII

150

Biopsy

N/D

Mescoli 2010 [19]

54, M

Splenectomy

No

12

No

CT, PET-CT

1

N/D

No

Liver metastatic

nodule

Left lobe

30

Surgery

No symptoms for 8 months

Yu 2009 [20]

54, M

Both

No

20

No

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

Yes

N/D

Left lobe

40

Surgery

No symptoms for 6 months

Menth 2009 [21]

43, M

Both

HCV, cirrhosis

30

Fatigue

US, CT, MRI

angiography, scintigraphy

Multiple

Yes

N/D

HCC

II

36

Biopsy

No symptoms for 9 months

Kashgari

2009 [22]

52, M

Both

HCV, cirrhosis

30

No

US, MRI

1

Yes

N/D

HCC

VII

21 × 15

Biopsy

No symptoms for 4 months

Abu Hilal

2009 [23]

60, M

Both

HCV, cirrhosis

46

Flu-like symptoms

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

N/D

HCC

VII

30

Surgery

No symptoms for 2 years

Yeh 2008 [24]

64, M

Both

HCV

8

No

US, CT, MRI

angiography

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

VI

25

Surgery

N/D

Nakajima 2008 [25]

41, M

Both

N/D

21

Abdominal pain and diarrhea

US, CT, MRI

1

Yes

N/D

N/D

VI

N/D

Biopsy

N/D

Imbriaco

2008 [26]

39, M

Both

No

24

Abdominal pain

US, CT, MRI

Multiple

Yes

N/D

Liver metastatic

nodules

Left lobe, right lobe 30

Surgery

N/D

Grande

2008 [27]

41, M

Both

No

35

No

US, CT,

scintigraphy

Multiple

Yes

N/D

N/D

VII

45

No

N/D

Choi

2008 [28]

32, M

Both

HBV

26

No

CT, MRI

angiography

3

Yes

Yes

HCC

IVa, IVb, VI

30

Surgery

N/D

Brancatelli

2005 [29]

38, F

Both

No

32

No

CT, MRI

scintigraphy

1

Yes

N/D

Liver adenoma

Left lobe

50

Biopsy

N/D

Zhao

2004 [30]

49, M

Both

No

17

No

US, CT

1

Yes

Yes

Liver adenoma/HCC

VII

50 × 30 × 30

Surgery

No symptoms for 1 year

Kondo

2004 [31]

55, M

Both

HCV

31

No

US, CT, MRI(SPIO)

angiography

2

N/D

N/D

HCC

VII

35 × 35

Biopsy

N/D

Izzo

2004 [32]

60, M

Both

HCV

43

Jaundice

US, CT, MRI

1

N/D

N/D

HCC

Near the hilum 60

Biopsy

N/D

Di Costanzo

2004 [33]

58, M

Both

HBV, cirrhosis

46

No

US, CT,

scintigraphy

1

Yes

N/D

HCC

III

48

Biopsy

N/D

Di Costanzo

2004 [33]

48, F

Both

HCV, cirrhosis

41

No

US, CT

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

III

31

Biopsy

N/D

Kim

2003 [34]

43, M

Both

HBV, cirrhosis

21

No

US, CT,

angiography

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

Right lobe

30

Surgery

N/D

Pekkafali

2002 [35]

21, M

Both

No

15

Epigastric pain

US, CT, MRI

scintigraphy

1

Yes

Yes

No

Left lobe

34 × 23

No

N/D

Lee

2002 [36]

43, M

Both

HBV, cirrhosis

20

Fatigue

US, CT, angiography

1

Yes

Yes

HCC

VI

33 × 20

Surgery

N/D

De Vuysere

2000 [37]

50, M

Both

No

34

No

US, CT, MRI(SPIO)

3

N/D

Yes

No

Left lobe, right lobe 60

Biopsy

N/D

  1. HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, US ultrasonography, CT computed tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, PET positron emission tomography, M male, F female, N/D not disclosed
  2. aTime interval: time elapsing between trauma/splenectomy and diagnosis of intrahepatic splenosis
  3. bWhen multiple lesions, only the size of the largest one was presented
  4. cSurgery: included laparoscopic resection and laparotomy