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Table 1 Comparisons between the two cohorts reported by Huang et al.

From: Need for normalization: the non-standard reference standard for microvascular invasion diagnosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Features

Discovery cohort

Validation cohort

p value

Age (year, median (range))

53.0(10–86)※

53.0(12–92)※

1.00

Male (n/N)

1305/1540

530/630

0.78

HBV (n/N)

1255/1540

527/630

0.25

Liver cirrhosis (n/N)

1268/1540

512/630

0.62

BCLC stage (B/N)

154/1540

59/630

0.73

AFP > 200 ng/dL (n/N)

593/1540

259/630

0.28

Mean tumor size (cm, mean ± SD)

5.3 ± 3.5

5.5 ± 3.7

0.23

Patients with multiple tumors (n/N)

199/1540

78/630

0.81

Encapsulation (complete/N)

733/1540

294/630

0.74

Tumor differentiation (III–IV/N)

421/1540

171/630

0.97

Types of resection (anatomic/non-anatomic)

1222/318

475/155

< 0.05

MVI (n/N)

389/1540

205/630

< 0.05

  1. Statistical analysis was performed using the MedCalc version 14.12.0 software program (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium)
  2. BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, MVI microvascular invasion
  3. ※Data of mean and range were transformed into mean ± SD approximately with SD = 1/4(upper range–lower range)