Positive surgical margin following radical nephrectomy is an independent predictor of local recurrence and disease-specific survival

Table 2 Univariate analysis of predictive factors for positive surgical margins among patients undergoing radical nephrectomy for renal masses

Variable	No PSM, n = 697	PSM, n = 17	P value
Age	63.0 ± 12.8	66.7 ± 15	0.43
Gender			0.82
Male Female	429 (61) 268 (39)	10 (59) 8 (41)	0.82
Co-morbidities
HTN DM Hyperlipidemia IHD Smoking	142 (20) 42 (6) 24 (3) 40 (6) 128 (18)	7 (41) 1 (6) 0 (0) 3 (15) 3 (18)	0.04 0.98 0.44 0.04 0.94
Central renal lesion	117 (16.8)	7 (41.2)	0.01
Tumour size			0.01
< 7 cm > 7 cm	419 (60.1) 278 (39.9)	6 (35) 11 (65)	0.01
Nuclear grade			0.08
1 2 3 4	50 (7) 325 (47) 243 (35) 78 (11)	0 (0) 10 (59) 7 (41) 0 (0)	0.08
Operative method			0.6
Open Lap	446 (67) 231 (33)	15 (88) 2 (12)	0.6
Pathology
Necrotic tumour Capsular invasion	193 (28) 124 (18)	14 (82) 8 (47)	0.001 0.002
Tumour stage			0.001
< T2 > T3	440 (63) 257 (37)	0 (0) 17 (100)	0.001
RCC type			0.26
Clear cell Chromophobe Papillary Other	483 (80) 44 (7) 66 (11) 14 (2)	13 (76) 0 (0) 4 (24) 0 (0)	0.26

Values in parentheses are percentages; continuous variables are presented as (mean ± sd)
Abbreviations: PSM positive surgical margins, RCC renal cell carcinoma

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