Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Fig. 5

From: Intraoperative 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced photodynamic diagnosis of metastatic brain tumors with histopathological analysis

Fig. 5

Schematic representation of microscopic GTR using fluorescence guiding. a Cancer cell invasion was detected at a mean ± SD depth of 1.4 ± 1.0 mm in 75% of metastatic brain tumor cases. Distant invasion along the vessels and subependymal layers can be observed in some cases (arrow). b With the use of 5-ALA, a thin layer of PpIX fluorescence in adjacent brain tissue at a depth of 3–6 mm can be seen. The depth of the PpIX fluorescent layer was greater than the depth of microscopic cancer cell invasion. c En bloc tumor resection may reduce the risk of cancer cell invasion in adjacent brain tissue. d The thin fluorescent layer in adjacent brain tissue may be a good indicator for achieving microscopic GTR for nonfluorescing (N) and fluorescing (F) sections

Back to article page