Heavy alcohol drinking downregulates ALDH2 gene expression but heavy smoking up-regulates SOD2 gene expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Statistical analysis of clinical variables according to ALDH2 and SOD2 expression level

		ALDH2 high	ALDH2 low	p value	SOD2 high	SOD2 low	p value
Age	Mean	60.3	59.8	0.74	60.3	59.7	0.65
Gender	Male	123	100	0.50	135	88	0.44
Gender	Female	29	18		25	22
Smoking	Mean pack-year	29.4	32.6	0.28	34.3	25.9	*0.005
Alcohol amount	Heavy	44	48	*0.01	16	15	0.15
	Moderate	30	33		43	41
	Light	57	27		41	22
	None	21	10		60	32
Stage	I–II	35	20	0.28	36	19	0.37
Stage	III–IV	117	98		124	91
Primary site	Oral cavity	37	46	*0.03	47	36	0.94
	Oropharynx	65	37		62	40
	Larynx	30	18		29	19
	Hypopharynx	16	17		20	13
HPV	Positive	42	18	*0.02	34	26	0.77
HPV	Negative	109	100		125	84

ISSN: 1477-7819