Table 1 Characteristics of studies comparing the results of radiofrquency ablation with those of other local ablations on HCCs

Vogl TJ [9]

Egypt/2015

Cohort

MWA

28

60 (45–68)

36

3.6 ± 1.24^d

32/36

1 year:2.8% (1/36)^a

1 year:100; 2 years:96; 3 years:79

NR

RFA

25

57 (40–64)

32

3.2 ± 1.17

27/32

1 year:3.1% (1/32)^a

1 year:100; 2 years:88; 3 years:72

NR

Zhang L [10]

China/2013

Cohort

MWA

77

54 (26–76)

105

NR

91/105

10.5% (11/105) ^a

1 year:92.2; 3 years:51.7; 5 years:38.5

2.6^e

RFA

78

54 (30–80)

97

NR

78/93

11.8% (11/93) ^a

1 year:91.0; 3 years:64.1; 5 years:41.3

2.6^e

Lu MD [11]

China/2005

Cohort

MWA

49

50.1 (24–74)

98

2.5 ± 1.2

93/98

11.8% (11/93)^a

1 year:81.6; 2 years:61.2; 3 years:50.5; 4 years:36.8

8.2^e

RFA

53

54.5 (20–74)

72

2.6 ± 1.2

67/72

20.9% (14/67)^a

1 year:71.7; 2 years:47.2; 3 years:37.6; 4 years:24.2

5.7^e

Ding J [12]

China/2013

Cohort

MWA

113

59 (30–86)

131

2.55 ± 0.89

129/131

10.9% (14/129)^a

1 year:98.0; 2 years:90.7; 3 years:77.6; 4 years:77.6

27^e

RFA

85

58 (40–77)

98

2.38 ± 0.81

97/98

5.2% (5/97)^a

1 year:98.7; 2 years:92.3; 3 years:82.7; 4 years:77.8

2.4^e

Zhang NN [13]

China/2014

Cohort

MWA

45

59 (37–73)

60

NR

58/60

2 years:40% (18/45)

1 year:95.6; 2 years:86.7

NR

RFA

56

57 (28–77)

68

NR

58/68

2 years:42.9% (26/56)

1 year:94.6; 2 years:89.3

NR

Ohmoto K [14]

Japan/2008

Cohort

MWA

49

64 (38–75)

56

1.7 ± 0.39^d

56/56

1 year:13%; 2 years:16%; 3 years:19%; 4 years:19%

1 year:89; 2 years:70; 3 years:49; 4 years:39

NR

RFA

34

67 (44–78)

37

1.6 ± 0.4

37/37

1 year:9%; 2 years:9%; 3 years:9%; 4 years:9%

1 year:100; 2 years:83; 3 years:70; 4 years:70

NR

Abdelaziz A [15]

Egypt/2014

RCT

MWA

66

56.8 ± 7.3

76

2.95 ± 1.03

73/76

3.9%

1 year:96.4; 2 years:62

3.0^e

RFA

45

53.6 ± 5

52

2.9 ± 0.97

49/52

13.5%

1 year:67.6; 2 years:47.4

11.1^e

Shibata T [16]

Japan/2002

RCT

MWA

36

62.5 (52–74)

46

2.3 ± 0.78^d

41/46

1 year:10% 2 years:24%

NR

11^e

RFA

36

63.6 (44–83)

48

2.2 ± 0.32

46/48

1 year:4% 2 years:12%

NR

3^e

Tian WS [17]

China/2014

RCT

MWA

60

55.3 (21–74)

79

2.6 ± 1.3

73/79

NR

NR

NR

RFA

60

55.3 (21–74)

86

2.2 ± 0.9

77/86

NR

NR

NR

Morimoto M [18]

Japan/2007

Cohort

PEI

43

69 ± 7

NR^g

35/43^b

58% (25/43)

NR

NR

RFA

110

68 ± 7

NR

90/110^b

53% (58/110)

NR

NR

Seror O [19]

France/2006

Cohort

PEI

57

62(42–76)

72

2.5 ± 0.5

69/72

29.8% (17/57)

1 year:89.4; 2 years:70.8

6.9

RFA

60

62(42–76)

72

2.5 ± 0.5

71/72

18.3% (11/60)

1 year:96.6; 2 years: 91.2

15

Wakui N [20]

Japan/2010

Cohort

PEI

13

70.3(50–83)

15

1.06 ± 0.27

15/15

1 year:9%

NR

NR

RFA

10

69.3(65–75)

10

1.11 ± 0.27

10/10

1 year:44%

NR

NR

Luo BM [21]

China/2005

Cohort

PEI

71

31–72

85

2.21 ± 1.48

66/85

NR

1 year:80.0; 2 years:60.4; 3 years:52.5; 5 years:33.3

NR

RFA

118

31–72

153

2.39 ± 1.57

141/153

NR

1 year:94.6; 2 years:73.2; 3 years:63.5

NR

Giorgio A [22]

Italy/2011

RCT

PEI

143

72(68–79)

143

2.27 ± 0.48

NR

12.6% (18/143)

1 year:95; 2 years:83; 3 years:78; 4 years:70; 5 years:68

1.9

RFA

128

70(68–74)

128

2.34 ± 0.45

NR

11.7% (15/128)

1 year:95; 2 years:90 ;3 years:83; 4 years:73; 5 years:70

0.9

Brunello F [23]

Italy/2008

RCT

PEI

69

70.3

88

2.25 ± 0.54

46/69^b

44/69 (63.8%)

1 year:85.5; 2 years:58.0; 3 years:24.6; 4 years:7.2

17.4

RFA

70

69.0

89

2.42 ± 0.49

66/70^b

34.3% (34/70)

1 year:94.3; 2 years:58.6; 3 years:25.7; 4 years:10

14.3

Lin SM [24]

Taiwan/2004

RCT

PEI

52

59 ± 10

69

2.90 ± 0.80

46/52^b

1 year:23% 2 years:45% 3 years:45%

1 year:85; 2 years:61; 3 years:50

NR

RFA

52

62 ± 11

67

2.8 ± 0.8

50/52^b

1 year:12% 2 years:18% 3 years:18%

1 year:90; 2 years:82; 3 years:74

NR

Shiina S [25]

Japan/2005

RCT

PEI

114

NR

192

NR

192/192

11.4% (13/114)

1 year:95; 2 years:82; 3 years:65; 4 years:57

2.6

RFA

118

NR

187

NR

187/187

1.7% (2/118)

1 year:97; 2 years:92; 3 years:82; 4 years:74

5.1

Lencioni RA [26]

Italy/2003

RCT

PEI

50

69(40–82)

73

2.8 ± 0.8

60/73

26% (13/50)

1 year:96; 2 years:88

NR

RFA

52

67(52–78)

69

2.8 ± 0.6

63/69

5.8% (3/52)

1 year:100; 2 years:98

NR

Azab M [27]

Egypt/2011

RCT

PEI + RFA

30

46–77

33

NR

29/33

1 year:6% 1.5 years:6%

1 year:96.7; 1.5 years:86.7

NR

RFA

30

46–77

33

NR

16/30

1 year:9% 1.5 years:12%

1 year:90; 1.5 years:76.7

NR

PEI

30

46–77

32

NR

L 75%

1 year:15% 1.5 years:21%

1 year:83.3; 1.5 years:86.7

NR

Wong SN [28]

Taiwan/2008

Cohort

PEI + RFA

33

66.4 ± 9.7

50

2.8 ± 1cm

44/50

1 year:24% 2 years:60%

NR

11.5^f

RFA

85

66.4 ± 9.7

114

2.5 ± 0.1cm

92/114

1 year:21% 2 years:30%

NR

19.4^f

Zhang YJ [29]

China/2007

RCT

PEI + RFA

66

53.3 ± 11.3

107

NR

52/66^b

34.8% (23/66)

1 year:95.4; 2 years:89.2; 3 years:75.8; 4 years:63.3;

46

RFA

67

52.2 ± 10.3

103

NR

48/67^b

49.2% (33/67)

1 year:89.6; 2 years:68.7; 3 years:58.4; 4 years:50.3

30

Pearson AS [30]

USA/1999

Cohort

CRA

54

NR

88

3.6(0.8–9.0)^d

NR

13.6% (12/54)

NR

40.7

RFA

92

NR

138

3.8(0.5–12.0)

NR

3.3% (3/92)

NR

3.3

Adam R [31]

France/2002

Cohort

CRA

15

60.1 ± 9.6

20

2.22 ± 1.05

16/20

45.5% (5/11)

1 year:66

29

RFA

17

63.5 ± 9.9

21

2.80 ± 1.67

18/21

14.3% (2/14)

1 year:61

24

Dunne RM [32]

USA/2014

Cohort

CRA

25

67.8 ± 10.7

39

2.8(1.5–4.9)^d

38/39

13.5% (5/37)^a

NR

39.4^f

RFA

22

64.4 ± 10.8

39

2.0(0.4–6.3)

36/39

21.4% (6//28)^a

NR

26.7^f

Ei S [33]

Japan/2015

Cohort

CRA

55

69 (65-74)

NR

2.5 (2.0-3.0)^d

100%

2 years:38% (21/55)

2 years:≦2 cm:88%; >2 cm:86%

10.9

RFA/MWA

64

69 (64–74)

NR

1.9 (1.5–2.3)

100%

2 years:34% (22/64)

2Y:≦2 cm:95%; >2 cm:85%

10.9

Wang CP [6]

China/2015

RCT

CRA

180

53.87 ± 9.587

199

NR

196/199

1 year:3%; 2 years:7% 3 years:7% 10/180

1 year:97; 3 years:67; 5 years:40

3.9

RFA

180

53.34 ± 8.905

189

NR

181/189

1 year:9% 2 years:11% 3 years:11% 18/180

1 year:97; 3 years:66; 5 years:38

3.3

Di Cos GG [34]

Italy/2013

RCT

LSA

70

70 (36–84)

80

2.62 ± 1.04

77/80

22.9% (16/70)

1 year:94; 3 years:80

NR

RFA

70

70 (50–83)

77

2.55 ± 0.66

75/77

25.7% (18/70)

1 year:94; 3 years:89

NR

Ferrari FS [35]

Italy/2007

RCT

LSA

41

68.27 (51–82)

45

2.89 ± 0.73

35/45

19.5% (8/41)

1 year:88.6; 2 years:70.4; 3 years:56.6; 4 years:40.2

0

RFA

40

70.53 (59–80)

50

2.67 ± 0.81

47/50

17.5% (7/40)

1 year:92.2; 2 years:75.0; 3 years:61.3; 4 years:54.6

0

Orlacchio A [7]

Italy/2014

RCT

LSA

15

73. 50 ± 6.70

15

2.34 ± 0.82

10/15

1 year:40% (6/15)

1 year:100

13.3

RFA

15

71.50 ± 4.60

15

2.41 ± 0.71

13/15

1 year:13.3% (2/15)

1 year:100

53.3

Chan AC [36]

China/2013

Cohort

HIFU

27

63 (44–75)

NR

1.7(0.9–5.0)

23/27

NR

1 year:96.3; 2 years:81.5; 3 years:69.8

7.4^f

RFA

76

62 (28–84)

NR

1.8(0.7–4.9)

65/76

NR

1 year:92.1; 2 years:76.1; 3 years:64.2

22.4^f