Combining serum miRNAs, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 with imaging and clinical features to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary nodules: a pilot study

Table 1 Comparison of clinical features and imaging features between benign and malignant nodules

Characteristic	Benign lung nodules group (n = 19)	Malignant lung nodules group (n = 20)	P value
Clinical
Age, years	53.11 ± 11.66	63.25 ± 9.48	0.005^a
Male, %	47.37	75.00	0.12^c
Smoking history, %	26.32	70.00	0.01^c
Smoking, cigarettes/year	64.21 ± 131.42	565.00 ± 499.76	0.001^a
Family history of cancer, %	5.26	15.00	0.61^c
Emphysema, %	0.00	25.00	0.04^c
Radiological
Location, %
LUL	26.32	25.00
LLL	15.79	0
RUL	42.10	30.00
RLL	15.79	45.00	0.10^b
Diameter, mm	15.21 ± 6.98	21.50 ± 7.06	<0.001^a
Density, %
Solid	78.95	65.00
Hyaline membrane	10.53	20.00
Mixed	10.53	15.00	0.61^b
Lobulation, %	10.53	30.00	0.24^c
Spiculation, %	31.58	70.00	0.03^c
Air bronchogram, %	21.05	20.00	1.00^c
Vessels sign, %	0.00	30.00	0.02^c
Cavitation, %	0.00	20.00	0.11^c
Calcification, %	15.79	0.00	0.11^c
Pleural tail, %	31.58	55.00	0.20^c

Data are N (%) or mean ± SD. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
LUL left upper lobe, LLL left lower lobe, RUL right upper lobe, RLL right lower lobe
^a t test
^bchi-square test
^cFisher exact test

ISSN: 1477-7819