Table 1 Clear cell carcinoma arising from endometriosis of the scar caesarean section
Age | Previous uterine surgeries | Months since symptoms | Size cm | FNA or biopsy | Primary treatment | Pathology | Adjuvant treatment | Relapse | Death | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Schnieber Agner-Kolb 1986 [4] | 40 | 1 CS 15 years before | – | – | – | WE, BSO, Hys | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Ovaries and uterus: negative | RT, progestins | – | Yes after 18 months |
Hitti, 1996 [5] | 46 | 1 CS 14 years before 1 CS 12 years before | – | 6 | – | WE, BSO, Hys | CCC + endometriosis | RT | No after 30 months | No after 30 months |
Miller 1998 [6] | 38 | 1 hysterotomy 9 years before 1 abortion 3 years before 1 CS 2 years before | 8 | 4 | CCC + endometriosis | WE, BSO, Hys omentectomy | Scar: CCC Ovaries, uterus, omentum: negative Margins: close | CIS-based CT RT | No after 60 monthsd | No after 60 monthsd |
Park 1999 [7] | 56 | 1 CS 24 years 1 CS 20 years | – | 5 | – | WE | Mass: CCC + endometriosis | RT | – | – |
Ishida 2003 [8] | 56 | 1 CS 24 years 1 CS 20 years | 7 | 10 | Endometrial carcinoma | WE, Hys, BSO | Mass: CCC Ovaries and uterus: negative | CIS-based CT | – | Yes after 24 monthsb |
Sergent 2006 [9] | 45 | 1 CS 25 years 1 CS 23 years 2 excisions of benign endometriosis nodules at the scar | 17 | 20 | – | WE, BSO, later on: endometrial curettage | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Right ovary: benign endometriosis; left ovary and uterus: negative Margins: 1 cm free | Not done | Yes early after surgerya | Yes after 6 months |
Alberto 2006 [10] | 38 | 1 CS 11 years BSO, Hys for endometriosis | 6 | 6 | – | WE | CCC | Carbo/PTX RT | – | – |
Razzouk 2007 [11] | 46 | 1 CS 26 years before 1 CS 24 years before 2 excisions of endometriosis nodules at the scar | – | >20 | – | GnRh analogue without benefit WE, BSO | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Ovaries: negative LN: 1 positive | Carbo/PTX | Yes during CT | Yes after 6 monthsb |
Rust 2008 [12] | 42 | 3 CS Hys 5 years before | 24 | 5 | Carcinoma | WE | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Margins: 1 mm free | Not done | – | – |
Bats 2008 [13] | 38 | 1 CS 13 years before 1 excision of endometriosic nodule at the scar | – | 10 | Atypical cells | NACT (carbo/PTX) No benefit WE, BSO, Hys, omentectomy | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Uterus: adenomyosis Other specimens: negative Margins: 2 mm free | Not done | Yes after 4 monthsa | – |
Williams 2009 [14] | 53 | 1 CS 17 years before | 24 | 2.5 | CCC (excisional biopsy) | WE of the scar, BSO, Hys, omentectomy Inguinal/Pelvic LNctomy | Mass: CCC Uterus, right ovary, omentum: negative, left ovary: teratoma Inguinal LN: 7 positive/11 Pelvic LN: 8 positive/14 | Carbo/PTX (4 cycles) | Yes after 3 monthsa | Yes after 11 monthsb |
Bourdel 2010 [15] | 43 | 1 CS 20 years before 1 CS 15 years before 1 excision of endometriosic nodule at the scar | 9 | 9 | – | WE, partial resection of pubic symphysis, umbilicus, right rectus abdomen, pelvic LN sampling Later on: BSO, Hys | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Pelvic LN: multiple positive Ovaries, uterus: negative | Carbo/PTX (6 cycles) RT | Yes after 6 monthsd | Yes after 22 monthsb |
Yan 2011 [16] | 41 | 2 CS 5 years before 2 excisions of benign endometriosic nodule at the scar 1 year and 4 months before | 4 | 9 | Not done | Progestins without benefit WE | Mass: CCC | CT | No after 24 monthsd | No after 24 monthsd |
Li 2012 [17] | 49 | 1 CS 26 years before | 25 years | 9 | Not done | WE, Hys, BSO | Mass: CCC Uterus, ovaries: negative | Carbo/PTX (6 cycles) | Noc after 8 months | Noc after 8 months |
Mert 2012 [19] | 42 | Tubal ligation, right ovariectomy | – | 15 | Tumor cells Mullerian origin | NACT (carbo/PTX) WE, left SO Hys, left Pelvic LNctomy Omentectomy | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Other organs: negative Margins: free | Not done | No after 1 montha | No After 1 montha |
51 | 2 CS Hys for myomas | 12 | 6 | Excisional biopsy CCC + endometriosis | BSO, Omental biopsy | Negative Margins: free | RT | No after 31 monthsb | No after 31 monthsb | |
Shalin 2012 [18] | 47 | 1 CS | 10 | 3 | CCC | WE, left ovary cystectomy, endometrial biopsy, pelvic LN sampling | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Ovarian cyst: endometriosis Endometrium: negative Pelvic LN: 2 positive/4 Margins: positive | CIS-based CT (6 cycles) RT | Yes after 5 monthsb | No after 7 monthsb |
Ijichi 2014 [20] | 60 | 1 CS 37 years before 1 CS 35 years before | 48 | 4 | Atypical cells | WE | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Margins: free | Not done | Yes after 8 monthsa | No after 23 monthsa |
Aust 2015 [21] | 47 | 1 CS 16 years before vaginal Hys 10 yearsbefore | 6 | 10 | – | WE Later on: BSO, pelvic, aortic LNctomy omentectomy | Mass: CCC Ovaries and omentum: negative LN:2 positive/48 Margins: free | Carbo/PTX (6 cycles) | No after 10 monthsc | No after 10 monthsc |
Heller 2014 [22] | 37 | 1 CS 1 CS 1 CS 8 years before | 96* | 18 | CCC | WE, left SO, pelvic LNctomy | Mass: CCC Ovary: negative LFN: multiple LN positive | Refused treatment | Yes after 5 monthsa | – |
Liu 2014 [23] | 39 | 1 CS 1 excision of endometriosic nodule at the scar | 60 | 6 | – | WE, partial cystectomy, BSO, Hys, omentectomy, inguinal,pelvic, aortic LNctomy | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Ovaries, uterus, omentum: negative Bladder: positive Pelvic LN: 18 positive/21 Aortic LN: 6 positive /6 Inguinal LN: 8 positive/8 | Carbo/PTX (3 cycles) | YES after 10 monthsc | Yes after 12 monthsc |
Sosa-Duràn 2015 [24] | 45 | 1 CS 1 CS 1 CS | 6 | 9 | – | WE, margins: 2 cm free | Mass: CCC + endometriosis | Not done | No after 16 monthsa | No after 16 monthsa |
Current case | 44 | 1 CS 9 years before | 8 | 22 | Endometrial carcinoma | NACT (carbo/PTX) WE, BSO, Hys, inguinal, and pelvic LNctomy | Mass: CCC + endometriosis Ovaries, uterus: negative Pelvic LN: 7 positive/14 Inguinal LN: 8 positive/11 Margins: free | Not done | Yes after 2 months from surgery | Yes after 6 months |