Fig. 2

Forest plots of the perioperative outcomes of RAPN versus OPN. a Operative time. b Estimated blood loss. c Length of hospital stay. d Transfusion rate. e Rate of conversion to radical nephrectomy. f Positive margin rate. g Warm ischemia time. h Estimated GFR change. i Overall complication rate. j Intra-operative complicate rate. k Postoperative complication rate