Table 1 Patient’s characteristics, surgical results, and follow-up outcomes of CRNU and TRNU

No. patients, n

107

110

Sex

0.91

 Male

46

48

 Female

61

62

Median age, year (range)

71 (55–82)

71 (52–88)

0.51

Mean BMI, kg/m² (range; ±SD)

23.2 (18.1–28.1; ±2.8)

23.5 (17.6–29; ±2.9)

0.50

Operative side, n

0.71

 Left

52

51

 Right

55

59

Tumor location

 Renal pelvis

62

68

 Ureter

39

37

  Upper

21

18

  Mid

4

10

  Distal

14

9

 Multiple location

6

5

Mean overall operating time, min (range; ±SD)

106.0 (46–216; ±37.9)

199.5 (100–416; ±69.1)

<0.0001

 Male

105.0 (76–172; ±25.7)

218.3 (128–416; ±71.9)

<0.0001

  p value (Male versus Female)

0.93 > 0.05

0.06 > 0.05

 Female

106.5 (46–216; ±42.3)

185.1 (100–410; ±63.2)

<0.0001

Mean estimated blood loss, ml (range; ±SD)

47.2 (5–400; ±82.4)

166.9 (20–1450; ±250.9)

0.002

RNU with lymph node dissection

 No. of patients

3

No

Open conversion

No

No

Intraoperative and postoperative complications

(n/Clavien Classification)

 UTI

4/grade II

7/grade II

 Lymphatic leakage

4/grade I

2/grade I

 Others

0

0

Single bladder instillation of chemotherapy

95

97

The removal time of drain after surgery, days (range; ± SD)

4.0 (2–17; ±3.0)

4.2 (2–12; ±1.5)

0.79

Mean hospital stay, days (range; ±SD)

6.1 (3–21; ±3.5)

8.1 (4–26; ±3.3)

0.03

The removal time of urethral catheter after surgery, week

1

1

Pathologic stage, n

 pTaN0M0

8

6

 pT1N0M0

63

65

 pT1N1M0

0

1

 pT2N0M0

30

23

 pT2N2M0

1

0

 pT3N0M0

4

14

 pT3N1M0

1

0

 pT4N2M0

0

1

Pathologic grade (G), n

 G1

38

31

 G2

54

52

 G3

15

27

The surgical margin of the distal ureter (negative or positive)

Negative

Negative

Mean follow-up time, month (range; ±SD)

13.4 (6–18; ±2.1)

37.5 (13–63; ±15.9)

No. of patients of follow-up (n)

105

106

Bladder tumor recurrence

 No. patients of follow-up (n)

4

21