Body mass index is associated with higher Gleason score and biochemical recurrence risk following radical prostatectomy in Chinese men: a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis

Table 2 Logistic regression analyses of BMI categories with adverse pathological outcomes

Pathological outcomes	BMI (continuous)			BMI 23–24.9 kg/m² vs. <23 kg/m²			BMI ≥25 kg/m² vs. <23 kg/m²
Pathological outcomes	OR	95 % CI	P value	OR	95 % CI	P value	OR	95 % CI	P value
Biopsy GS (≥7)
Crude	1.079	0.973–1.196	0.149	1.610	0.828–3.132	0.161	1.710	0.862–3.394	0.125
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	1.163	1.023–1.322	0.021	1.940	0.873–4.307	0.104	2.434	1.103–5.371	0.028
Pathological GS (≥7)
Crude	1.090	0.978–1.215	0.121	1.519	0.756–3.051	0.24	1.682	0.815–3.471	0.159
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	1.220	1.056–1.410	0.007	1.983	0.828–4.748	0.124	3.379	1.374–8.309	0.008
Positive surgical margin
Crude	1.157	0.987–1.357	0.072	0.438	0.128–1.492	0.187	1.833	0.727–4.620	0.199
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	1.169	0.959–1.426	0.121	0.600	0.149–2.406	0.471	1.742	0.550–5.521	0.345
Extra capsular invasion
Crude	1.014	0.881–1.167	0.848	0.606	0.235–1.563	0.3	0.867	0.352–2.135	0.756
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	1.145	0.950–1.381	0.156	0.945	0.273–3.267	0.929	1.687	0.551–5.161	0.360
Seminal vesicle invasion
Crude	1.006	0.860–1.177	0.937	0.285	0.088–0.920	0.036	0.576	0.215–1.543	0.272
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	1.070	0.865–1.323	0.532	0.414	0.104–1.641	0.209	0.840	0.251–2.810	0.778
Lymph node involvement
Crude	1.004	0.724–1.391	0.983	0.521	0.046–5.880	0.598	1.159	0.159–8.466	0.885
Multi-adjusted analysis^a	0.946	0.666–1.344	0.759	0.593	0.038–9.142	0.708	0.922	0.096–8.818	0.944

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, other abbreviations as in Table 1
^aAdjusted for age, prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, digital rectal examination outcomes, transrectal ultrasound outcomes, and clinical stage

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