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Table 4 Measures of psychological stress and physical pain related to robotic (RC) and laparoscopic (LC) surgeries, assessed by the operating surgeon on a 0–100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) before (Pre-Op) and after (Post-Op) the procedure

From: Initial experience of robotic versus laparoscopic colectomy for transverse colon cancer: a matched case-control study

VAS score

RC (n = 12)

LC (n = 12)

p value

 

Pre-Op

Post-OP

Pre-Op

Post-OP

Within subjects

Between subjects

Psychological stress [mean(SD)]

49.5(9.3)

53.2(14.1)

55.6(6.4)

63.9(5.7)

0.045

0.550

Hand pain [mean(SD)]

14.7(5.5)

39.2(8.2)

18.3(5.9)

52.7(8.4)

0.0001

0.0001

Neck and shoulder pain [mean(SD)]

23.2(11.1)

28.8(12.3)

23.5(9.7)

42.9(7.4)

0.0001

0.0001

Back pain [mean(SD)]

21.2(8.9)

44.8(10.3)

26.4(8.3)

43.5(9.1)

0.0001

0.488

  1. P values in italics denote significant differences between groups