Conditional survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in surgical and nonsurgical patients: a retrospective analysis report from a single institution in China

Table 2 Results of cox regression analyses by surgical and nonsurgical treatment

Factors	Curative resection			Palliative surgery			Nonsurgery
	Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate
	P	HR (95 % CI)	P	P	HR (95 % CI)	P	P	HR (95 % CI)	P
Age (≤63 v >63)	0.041		0.267	0.002	2.064 (1.222–3.485)	0.007	0.719		NA
Gender (male v female)	0.604		NA	0.411		NA	0.178		NA
Smoking (yes v no)	0.509		NA	0.188		NA	0.902		NA
Diabete (yes v no)	0.976		NA	0.096		NA	0.208		NA
Alcoholism (yes v no)	0.112		NA	0.388		NA	0.723		NA
Tumor size (≤2 v >2)	0.014		0.467	0.283		NA	0.609		NA
Tumor number (single v multiple)	0.143		NA	0.355		NA	0.538		NA
Tumor encapsulation (yes v no)	0.208		NA	<0.001	3.799 (2.147–6.723)	<0.001	NA		NA
Tumor location (head v body/distal/multifocal)	0.116		NA	0.017		0.088	0.021		0.927
Tumor differentiation (I–II v III–IV)	<0.001	4.082 (2.096–7.952)	<0.001	0.017		0.122	NA		NA
Lymph nodes positive (yes v no)	0.001	0.395 (0.196–0.798)	0.010	0.005		0.307	NA		NA
AJCC stage (I–II v III–IV)	0.010		0.764	0.892		NA	0.009	1.405 (1.080–1.828)	0.011
CEA (≤2ULN v >2ULN)	0.013		0.078	0.001	3.568 (1.751–7.269)	<0.001	0.006	1.600 (1.054–2.428)	0.027
CA19-9 (≤2ULN v >2ULN)	0.033		0.339	<0.001		0.066	0.525		NA
Chemotherapy (yes v no)	<0.001	8.050 (2.349–27.591)	0.001	<0.001	13.799 (4.129–45.711)	<0.001	<0.001	5.118 (3.209–8.162)	<0.001

Univariate analysis: Kaplan-Meier method; multivariate analysis: Cox proportional hazards regression model
CR curative resection, IR incurative resection, UR unresection; Tumor differentiation I: Well differentiated; II: moderately differentiated; III: poorly differentiated; and IV: undifferentiated, AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19-9, NA not adopted

ISSN: 1477-7819