Table 1 Demographics and clinical presentations of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas

Sex

n = 23

n = 9

n = 14

0.418

Male

16 (69.6 %)

7 (77.8 %)

9 (64.3 %)

Female

7 (30.4 %)

2 (22.2 %)

5 (35.7 %)

Age (year)

n = 23

n = 9

n = 14

0.156

Median (range)

56 (21–80)

49 (21–80)

58 (32–79)

Mean ± SD

53.8 ± 14.9

48.2 ± 17.5

57.4 ± 12.3

Size (cm)

n = 20

n = 8

n = 12

0.907

Median (range)

6.0 (0.5–11.0)

6.3 (0.5–9.0)

6.0 (1.0–11.0)

Mean ± SD

5.5 ± 2.7

5.6 ± 2.8

5.5 ± 2.8

Hepatitis B (+), n = 8

0

0

0

N/A

Hepatitis C (+), n = 8

0

0

0

N/A

Elevation of tumor markers

AFP, n = 15

9 (60.0 %)

5 (71.4 %)

4 (50.0 %)

0.378

CA 19-9, n = 11

2 (18.2 %)

1 (25.0 %)

1 (14.3 %)

0.618

CEA, n = 11

2 (18.2 %)

1 (25.0 %)

1 (14.3 %)

0.618

Symptom

n = 22

n = 9

n = 14

No symptom

7 (31.8 %)

1 (12.5 %)

6 (42.9 %)

0.161

Epigastric pain

8 (36.4 %)

4 (50.0 %)

4 (28.6 %)

0.291

Nausea/vomiting

7 (31.8 %)

5 (62.5 %)

2 (14.3 %)

0.032

Diabetes mellitus

5 (22.7 %)

1 (12.5 %)

4 (28.6 %)

0.308

Jaundice

4 (18.2 %)

4 (50.0 %)

0

0.010

Back pain

4 (18.2 %)

2 (25.0 %)

2 (14.3 %)

0.465

Body weight loss

3 (13.6 %)

1 (12.5 %)

2 (14.3 %)

0.797

Hypoglycemia

1 (4.5 %)

0

1 (7.1 %)

0.636

Skin rash

1 (4.5 %)

0

1 (7.1 %)

0.636

Subcutaneous fat necrosis

1 (4.5 %)

0

1 (7.1 %)

0.636

Gastrointestinal bleeding

1 (4.5 %)

0

1 (7.1 %)

0.636

Night sweating

1 (4.5 %)

0

1 (7.1 %)

0.636

Others

2 (15.4 %)

0

2 (14.3 %)

0.462