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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis on overall survival

From: Up-front systemic chemotherapy is a feasible option compared to primary tumor resection followed by chemotherapy for colorectal cancer with unresectable synchronous metastases

  

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Factor

N

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Treatment

     

 PTR

42

Reference

0.093

Reference

0.495

 USC

15

1.76 (0.87 to 3.35)

 

1.30 (0.60 to 2.73)

 

Age

     

 <63 years

30

Reference

0.923

-

-

 ≥63 years

27

0.97 (0.52 to 1.80)

   

Sex

     

 Male

15

Reference

0.116

-

-

 Female

42

1.70 (0.84 to 3.24)

   

BMI

     

 <22 kg/m2

33

Reference

0.627

-

-

 ≥22 kg/m2

24

0.85 (0.44 to 1.61)

   

Tumor location

     

 Colon

35

Reference

0.280

-

-

 Rectum

22

0.70 (0.35 to 1.32)

   

KRAS status

     

 Wild type

30

Reference

0.001

Reference

0.004

 Mutant or unknown

27

2.81 (1.49 to 5.31)

 

2.89 (1.41 to 6.02)

 

CEA

     

 <5.1

10

Reference

0.822

-

-

 ≥5.1

47

1.09 (0.53 to 2.56)

   

Invasion depth

     

 T1-3

24

Reference

0.0540

Reference

0.065

 T4a, T4b

33

1.93 (0.99 to 3.87)

 

1.97 (0.96 to 4.24)

 

Lymph node metastasis

     

 Negative

6

Reference

0.225

-

-

 Positive

51

2.47 (0.89 to 10.2)

   

Sum of the longest diameters of metastases

     

 <67 mm

29

Reference

0.184

-

-

 ≥67 mm

28

1.52 (0.82 to 2.87)

   

Number of metastases

     

 <13

29

Reference

0.084

Reference

0.199

 ≥13

28

1.72 (0.93 to 3.24)

 

1.55 (0.79 to 3.09)

 

Number of organs with metastasis

     

 1

22

Reference

0.010

Reference

0.037

 ≥2

35

2.52 (1.26 to 5.48)

 

2.14 (1.04 to 4.76)

 

Peritoneal dissemination

     

 No

48

Reference

0.129

-

-

 Yes

9

1.90 (0.76 to 4.16)

   

Total lines of chemotherapy

     

 1 to 2

35

Reference

0.111

-

-

 ≥3

22

0.60 (0.31 to 1.13)

   

Use of anti-VEGF antibody

     

 No

12

Reference

0.403

-

-

 Yes

45

0.71 (0.34 to 1.69)

   

Use of anti-EGFR antibody (KRAS wild patient only)

     

 No

8

Reference

0.197

-

-

 Yes

22

2.22 (0.73 to 9.59)

   
  1. USC: up-front systemic chemotherapy group. PTR: primary tumor resection group. HR: hazard ratio. CI: confidence interval. BMI: body mass index. KRAS: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene. EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor. CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen. VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.