Table 7 Features of sarcomatoid adrenal cortical carcinomas reported to date
Reference | Age | Sex | Clinical presentation | Laterality | Size | Treatment | Time to recurrence | Time to death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Okazumi et al. [74] | 46 | M | Abdominal distention + back pain | Right | 14 cm | Right adrenalectomy and nephrectomy followed by removal of the tumor thrombus | 5 months | 206 days |
Collina et al. [75] | 68 | F | Abdominal discomfort | Right | 11Â cm | Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy after tumor recurrence | 2Â months | 6Â months |
Decorato et al. [76] | 42 | F | Abdominal pain | Left | 19Â cm | Surgical resection | 3Â months | 7Â months |
Fischler et al. [77] | 29 | F | Virilization | Left | 12.5Â cm | Nephroadrenalectomy and splenectomy followed by systemic chemotherapy (cisplatin and etoposide) after recurrence | 4Â months | 8Â months |
Barksdale et al. [78] | 79 | F | Severe hypertension | Right | 9Â cm | Right adrenalectomy and cavotomy | 4Â months | Not reported |
Lee et al. [79] | 61 | M | Flank pain + hypertension | Right | 12 cm | Radical nephrectomy and right hepatic lobectomy | No recurrence noted | 2 days |
Sturm et al. [7] | 31 | M | Abdominal pain | Left | 12Â cm | Adrenalectomy followed by systemic chemotherapy (VP16-cisplatinum) after recurrence | 2Â months | 3Â months |
Coli et al. (2009) [80] | 75 | F | Abdominal pain | Left | 15Â cm | Adrenalectomy and splenectomy | 3Â months | 12Â months |
Feng et al. [81] | 72 | M | Left lumbar pain | Left | 7.1Â cm on CT scan | Surgical resection | Not reported | Not reported |
Sasaki et al. [82] | 45 | M | Abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, hypertension | Left | 17Â cm | Radical nephrectomy, splenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, left partial colectomy, and wedge biopsy of one hepatic lesion | Hepatic metastasis at presentation. Locoregional recurrence at 3Â months | 3Â months |
Bertolini et al. [83] | 23 | F | Incidentally during work-up of metastatic rectal mass | Left | 14Â cm | Left adrenalectomy with systemic chemotherapy for metastatic rectal cancer | Not reported, however patient had metastatic lesions on presentation which were presumed to be rectal cancer based on the co-existence of a metastatic rectal cancer lesion in the adrenal gland | 14Â months |
Thway et al. [84] | 45 | M | Abdominal bloating + back pain | Left | 24 cm | Left radical nephrectomy and splenectomy followed by palliative chemotherapy (vincristine, ifosfamide, carboplatin, doxorubicin, and etoposide) | Metastatic at presentation | 11 months |
Yan et al. [85] | 72 | M | Flank pain | Right | 13Â cm | Adrenalectomy | 2Â years | 2.5Â years |
Kao et al. [86] | 48 | F | Abdominal pain + hypokalemia + weight loss | Right | 15 cm | Adrenalectomy, partial nephrectomy, and partial hepatectomy followed by systemic chemotherapy (cisplatin and ifosfamide) after distant metastasis | 2 months | Alive with disease at 7 month follow-up |
Mark et al. [87] | 58 | M | Flank pain | Right | 12Â cm | Radial nephrectomy followed by eternal beam radiotherapy to the tumor site | Not reported after 16Â month follow-up | Not reported after 16Â month follow-up |
Shaikh et al. [88] | 62 | F | Abdominal pain | Right | 6.5Â cm | Adrenalectomy | 3Â months | 4Â months |