A longitudinal study of gender differences in quality of life among Japanese patients with lower rectal cancer treated with sphincter-saving surgery: a 1-year follow-up

Kinoshita, Yumiko; Chishaki, Akiko; Kawamoto, Rieko; Manabe, Tatsuya; Ueki, Takashi; Hirata, Keiji; Miyazono, Mami; Kanaoka, Maki; Tomioka, Akiko; Nakano, Masahiro; Ohkusa, Tomoko; Nakao, Hisako; Tanaka, Masao; Mibu, Ryuichi

doi:10.1186/s12957-015-0485-x

Table 3 EORTC QLQ-CR38 scores by time and gender

From: A longitudinal study of gender differences in quality of life among Japanese patients with lower rectal cancer treated with sphincter-saving surgery: a 1-year follow-up

Questionnaire time points									Main effect of time		Main effect of gender		Time-by-gender interaction
	Men ( n = 42)				Women ( n = 33)				Main effect of time
	Before	Postoperative time (month)			Before	Postoperative time (month)				η² _p		η² _p		η² _p
	(T0)	1	6	12	(T0)	1	6	12	(T0, T1, T2, T3)
	(T0)	(T1)	(T2)	(T3)	(T0)	(T1)	(T2)	(T3)	(T0, T1, T2, T3)
	Mean	Mean	Mean	Mean	Mean	Mean	Mean	Mean	P values		P values		P values
	SD	SD	SD	SD	SD	SD	SD	SD
Functional scales/items
Body image	85.2	71.6	80.4	78.8	82.2	75.8	76.4	81.8	0.006	0.064	0.992	0.001	0.298	0.017
Body image	15.3	27.9	17.7	17.5	21.9	26.7	23.4	20.4	T0 > T1*
									T1 < T2 T1 < T3
Future perspective	60.3	55.4	61.1	62.7	55.6	45.5	57.6	62.6	0.025	0.045	0.281	0.016	0.634	0.007
Future perspective	25.8	34.8	26.5	26.8	28.5	33.2	19.2	21.7	T1 < T3*
Sexual functioning	21.8	18.7	21.0	14.7	14.3	4.2	7.1	7.7	0.009	0.059	0.002	0.133	0.146	0.024
Sexual functioning	21.6	19.6	17.7	14.8	19.1	9.8	15.3	16.7	T0 > T3*		Men > Women
Sexual enjoyment	47.6	28.6	33.3	23.8	33.3	22.2	44.4	33.3	0.272	0.147	0.434	0.106	1.000	0.001
	26.2	29.9	27.2	25.2	22.5	19.3	19.3	22.5
Symptom scales/items (#)
Micturition problems	19.1	37.2	24.6	22.8	10.1	26.3	19.2	15.8	< 0.001	0.171	0.014	0.080	0.668	0.006
Micturition problems	21.7	27.5	17.1	17.2	12.5	21.1	17.6	15.5	T0 < T1*** T0 < T2*		Men > Women
									T1 > T2* T1 > T3**
Gastrointestinal tract symptoms	16.7	24.7	15.7	17.1	24.4	28.3	21.6	17.0	0.012	0.055	0.163	0.027	0.495	0.010
Gastrointestinal tract symptoms	19.3	20.1	12.9	15.7	27.6	30.0	14.8	2.5	T1 > T2* T1 > T3*
Defecation problems	19.7	36.1	26.8	24.3	19.7	30.9	21.7	17.4	< 0.001	0.205	0.055	0.051	0.383	0.014
Defecation problems	15.3	18.1	11.4	15.6	14.0	14.5	11.2	11.0	T0 < T1***
									T1 > T2* T1 > T3*
Weight loss	9.5	24.6	5.5	5.6	11.1	23.2	14.1	14.1	< 0.001	0.116	0.168	0.026	0.289	0.017
Weight loss	18.5	28.6	12.6	12.6	16.0	28.2	26.4	23.6	T0 < T1**
									T1 > T2* T1 > T3*

Higher scores on functional scales and overall QOL scale represent higher levels of functioning. Higher score on symptoms scales or single items (#) indicate higher levels of symptoms or problems.
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

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ISSN: 1477-7819

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