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Figure 2 | World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Figure 2

From: Superior vena cava (SVC) reconstruction using autologous tissue in two cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma presenting with SVC syndrome

Figure 2

A: Mediastinum LNM invading the posterolateral wall of right brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava (SVC). B: Temporary bypass using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft was placed between left subclavian vein and right auricle after resection of the left brachiocephalic vein, which was not involved. C: Intraluminal invasion of mediastinum LNM in opened SVC. D: The right brachiocephalic vein and SVC were resected for complete removal of the invasive mediastinum LNM. The isolated left brachiocephalic vein was interposed to reconstruct the venous pathway between the right brachiocephalic vein and the SVC. E: Finally, the ePTFE graft as a temporary bypass was removed after confirmation of the flow in the reconstructed venous pathway.

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