Table 1 Reported cases of invasion or occlusion of great veins by thyroid cancer since 1930
From: Thyroid cancer causing obstruction of the great veins in the neck
Study | Gender | Age | Signs SVCO/dilated veins | Diagnosis | Pathology | Extension | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wylegschanin (1930) [17] | F | 52 | Yes | At autopsy | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV, BV, SVC, RA | Died 2 months | |
Holt (1934) [5] | M | 72 | Yes | At autopsy | Adeno-carcinoma | JV, BV, SCV | Died 5 days | |
Mencarelli (1934) [17] | M | 56 | Yes | At autopsy | Anaplastic carcinoma | JV, RV | Sudden death | |
Kim (1966) [6] | M | 64 | Yes | At autopsy | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV, BV, SVC, RA | Died 18 days | |
Muta (1977) [7] | F | 37 | No | At surgery | Papillary cell carcinoma | BV | Thrombectomy | Not reported |
Thompson (1978) [8] | F | 67 | Yes | Venography | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV, BV, SVC, RA | Thrombectomy | Alive 24 months |
Perez (1984) [9] | F | 48 | No | Venography, CT | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV, BV, SVC | Thrombectomy | Alive 4 months with metastases |
Sirota (1989) [10] | F | 61 | Yes | At autopsy | Papillary cell carcinoma | AV | EBRT, 131I | Died 8 months |
Niderle (1990) [11] | M | 57 | Yes | Venography, CT | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV, BV, SVC, RA | Thrombectomy | Died 13 months |
Thomas (1991) [12 ] | M | 61 | Yes | CT | Thyroid cancer (unspecified) | JV | Sudden death | |
Lalak (1997) [13] | F | 68 | No | At surgery | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV | Thrombectomy segmental resection JV | Alive 9 months |
Patel (1997) [2] | F | 79 | Yes | CT | Papillary cell carcinoma | JV, SVC, BV, PV | Thrombectomy resection JV | Died postoperatively Day 12 |
Onaran (1998) [14] | M | 48 | No | CT | Hurthle cell carcinoma | JV, SCV | Thrombectomy Segmental resection JV | Died 12 months |
F | 48 | No | Ultrasound | Papillary cell carcinoma | JV | Segmental resection JV | Alive 37 months | |
F | 68 | No | At surgery | Hurthle cell carcinoma | JV | Segmental resection JV | Alive over 36 months | |
Bussani (1999) [15] | F | 67 | Yes | At autopsy | Follicular cell carcinoma | JV | EBRT | Died 4 months |
Wiseman (2000) [16] | M | 84 | No | CT | Thyroid cancer (unspecified) | JV, BV, SVC, RA | 131I | Died 12 months |
Mishra (2001) [3] | F | 30 | No | At surgery | Poorly differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma | JV | Excision JV | Unknown |
F | 32 | No | Venography | Papillary carcinoma | BV, JV | Resection JV, shaved off BV131I | Alive 4 yrs 10 month | |
F | 36 | No | At surgery | Poorly differentiated papillary carcinoma | JV | Excision JV Thrombectomy 131I | Alive 2 yrs 6 months | |
F | 36 | No | CT | Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma | JV | Radical neck dissection | Died 4 days post-operatively | |
M | 60 | Yes | CT | Undifferentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma | JV | Excision JV | Died 1 day post-operatively | |
Koike (2002) [17] | F | 26 | No | At surgery | Papillary cell carcinoma | BV, SVC | Thrombectomy | Alive 8 months |
Sugimoto (2006) [18] | M | 61 | Yes | CT, MRI, Venography | Poorly differentiated papillary cell carcinoma | BV, SVC, RA | Excision BV, SVC Thrombectomy Vein graft | Died 12 days post-operatively of renal failure |