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Table 1 Gamma probe-guided surgery protocol for Tc-99m MAA

From: A multimodality localization technique for radio-guided surgery

Tc-99m MAA Lesion Localization with image/endoscopy guidance

Radiopharmaceutical Dose/Administration

• Tc-99m MAA

• 0.1 mCi (.0037 MBq)/direct injection

Standard Imaging Protocol

• No nuclear medicine imaging needed

Timing of Surgical Exploration

• Within 6 h post-injection

Patient Preparation

• Not required

Gamma Probe

• Standard medium-energy gamma probe

System set-up

• Analyzer Settings: Photopeak: 140 keV, Window: 20%, Threshold: 136 keV (In commercial systems this is a default setting)

• Verify calibration and settings of the system

• Cover the probe with sterile plastic sleeve

Intra-operative Use

• Probe survey at counts- per-second mode (Dynamic pitch range feed-back helpful)

• Hot-spot confirmation with TBR>1.5 at 10-second count mode (TBR ratio feed-back helpful)

Avoid simultaneous electrocautery use