Increased proliferation | Â |
---|---|
Growth factors | Receptors/effectors |
TGFα |  |
EGF | EGFR |
 | C-erb-B2 (Her-2/Neu) |
TGFβ | TGFβR 2 |
 | Smad 4 |
 | p27 |
Mediators of inflammation | Â |
Cox-2 | PKC |
INOS | Â |
TNFα | β catenin, c-myc |
Luminal components | Â |
Gastrin | CCK2 |
Bile salts | Cox-2 |
Acid | Cox-2 |
 | PKC |
 | p38MAPK |
 | JUNK |
 | p44ERK |
Oncogenes | Â |
Ras | Â |
Fos | Â |
Jun | Â |
c-myc | Â |
Cell cycle proteins | Â |
Cyclin D1, E, B1 | Â |
Rb | Â |
p16 | Â |
Avoidance of apoptosis | Â |
p53 | p21(cip1/waf1) |
Bcl-2 | Â |
Bax | Â |
Increased invasive potential | Â |
Angiogenesis | Â |
FGF 1&2 | Â |
VEGF | Â |
Cell-cell – adhesion |  |
E-cadherin | Â |
α, β, γ catenin |  |
APC | Â |