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Table 3 Complication rates by surgical approach

From: Fewer complications after laparoscopic nephrectomy as compared to the open procedure with the modified Clavien classification system - a retrospective analysis from Southern China

  Radical nephrectomy Partial nephrectomy
  LRN ORN LPN OPN
  n % n % n % n %
Total patient number 88   526   42   187  
 Non-complication 71 80.68 368 69.96 27 64.29 119 63.64
Genitourinary 1 1.14 7 1.33 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Acute renal failure 1 1.14 7 1.33 0 0.00 0 0.00
Wound 0 0.00 7 1.33 0 0.00 6 3.21
 Infection 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 1 0.53
 Subcutaneous hydrops 0 0.00 6 1.14 0 0.00 5 2.67
Infectious 1 1.14 13 2.47 0 0.00 3 1.60
 Urinary tract infection 0 0.00 3 0.57 0 0.00 1 0.53
 Fever of unknown origin 1 1.14 8 1.52 0 0.00 2 1.07
 Sepsis 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 0 0.00
Gastrointestinal 6 6.82 53 10.08 5 11.90 26 13.90
 Hiccup 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Stress ulcer 0 0.00 14 2.66 2 4.76 7 3.74
 Small-bowel obstruction 0 0.00 3 0.57 0 0.00 2 1.07
 Constipation 3 3.41 15 2.85 1 2.38 5 2.67
 Gastrointestinal bleeding 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 4 2.14
 Emesis 3 3.41 13 2.47 2 4.76 6 3.21
 Biliary colic 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.53
 Pancreatitis 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Pancreatic fistula 0 0.00 4 0.76 0 0.00 1 0.53
Cardiac 4 4.55 20 3.80 1 2.38 9 4.81
 Arrhythmia 1 1.14 6 1.14 0 0.00 2 1.07
 Myocardial infarction 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Congestive heart failure 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Hypertension 3 3.41 11 2.09 1 2.38 7 3.74
Pulmonary 2 2.27 10 1.90 4 9.52 8 4.28
 Pneumonia/pneumonitis 1 1.14 4 0.76 2 4.76 2 1.07
 Pneumothorax 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 2 1.07
 Respiratory distress 0 0.00 1 0.19 1 2.38 1 0.53
 Pleural effusion 1 1.14 2 0.38 1 2.38 3 1.60
 Atelectasis 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 0 0.00
Thromboembolic 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Deep venous thrombosis 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
Bleeding 1 1.14 11 2.09 3 7.14 7 3.74
 Perinephric hematoma 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 2.38 0 0.00
 Other postoperative hemorrhage 0 0.00 7 1.33 0 0.00 3 1.60
 Anemia 1 1.14 4 0.76 2 4.76 4 2.14
Neurologic 0 0.00 3 0.57 1 2.38 1 0.53
 Cerebrovascular event 0 0.00 1 0.19 1 2.38 1 0.53
 Neuropathy 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Syncope 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00
Miscellaneous 2 2.27 33 6.27 1 2.38 8 4.28
 Anaphylaxis 1 1.14 9 1.71 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Chylous leak 0 0.00 6 1.14 0 0.00 0 0.00
 Gout 0 0.00 1 0.19 0 0.00 2 1.07
 Hyponatremia 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 1 0.53
 Shock 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.53
 Hypoalbuminemia 1 1.14 15 2.85 1 2.38 4 2.14
Death 0 0.00 2 0.38 0 0.00 0 0.00
  1. LPN, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy; LRN, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy; OPN, open partial nephrectomy; ORN, open radical nephrectomy.
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World Journal of Surgical Oncology

ISSN: 1477-7819

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