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Figure 1 | World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Figure 1

From: Reliable management of post-esophagectomy anastomotic fistula with endoscopic trans-fistula negative pressure drainage

Figure 1

Endoscopic images of esophageal leakage after esophagectomy and E-TNPD therapy. (A-C) Endoscopic images for Case 3. (D-F) Endoscopic images for Case 5. (A) Endoscopic detection of the esophageal leakage before E-TNPD therapy in Case 3. The defect was obvious and the thoracic tube could be detected endoscopically. The jejunal feeding tube was in the gastric cavity (asterisk). There was a thoracic tube in the para-anastomotic cavity (arrow). (B) The nasogastric tube was placed into the para-anastomotic cavity (E-TNPD) and the thoracic tube was subsequently adjusted for appropriate negative pressure. The leakage was obviously recovered. The jejunal feeding tube was in the gastric cavity (asterisk), and the nasogastric tube was in the para-anastomotic cavity (arrow); the cavity had already closed. (C) Endoscopic image after complete healing. The anastomosis had some stenosis (asterisk) and the fistula had already healed (arrow). (D) Endoscopic detection of esophageal leakage for Case 5. The jejunal feeding tube was in the gastric cavity (asterisk), and the fistula was small (arrow). (E) The nasogastric tube was placed into the para-anastomotic cavity (E-TNPD). The jejunal feeding tube was in the gastric cavity (asterisk), and the nasogastric tube was in the para-anastomotic cavity (arrow). (F) Endoscopic image of tiny leakage healing. The blind side of the fistula is shown magnified in the inset (arrow).

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