Surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in the inferior vena cava or right atrium

Table 2 Characteristics of tumor thrombi

Patients age/sex	Involved veins	Extent of thrombus	Advance of thrombus	Symptoms associated with the thrombus
68/M	RHV	Massive	RA	Renal insufficiency/lower limb edema
57/M	RAdV	Massive	IVC	Renal insufficiency
70/M	RHV	IVC occlusive	RA	Renal insufficiency/lower limb edema
86/F	RHV	Massive	IVC	(−)
68/M	IRHV	Mural	IVC	(−)
66/M	RHV	Massive	RA	(−)
37/M	IRHV	Massive	IVC	(−)
56/M	RHV/IRHV	Massive	IVC	(−)
51/M	LHV	Massive	RA	(−)
72/M	MHV	Mural	IVC	(−)
59/M	LHV/MHV	Massive	RA	(−)
69/M	MHV	Massive	IVC	(−)
65/M	MHV	Massive	RA	(−)

M male, RHV Right hepatic vein, RAdV right adrenal vein, IRHV inferior right hepatic vein, LHV left hepatic vein, MHV, middle hepatic vein, IVC inferior vena cava, RA right atrium. (−), no symptom.

ISSN: 1477-7819