Table 1 Non-iatrogenic skin metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma described in the literature the last 10 years.
Reference | N | Sex | Age | Localisation | Seeding | AFP ng/ml | Appearance | Hepatitis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jegou et al. (2004) [11] | 1 | M | 55 | left frontal | no | n.a. | painless nodule | n.a. |
De Agustin et al. (2007) [12] | 1 | F | 65 | face | no | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Hsieh et al. (2007) [13] | 1 | M | 46 | left skull | no | 71 ng/ml | soft mass | B |
Royer et al. (2008) [14] | 1 | M | 74 | nose | no | n.a. | pearly purple nodule | n.a. |
Magana and Gomez et al. (2009) [15] | 1 | M | 41 | right cheek | no | n.a | red papule | C |
Lazaro et al. (2009) [16] | 1 | M | 61 | nasal lesion | no | n.a. | excoriated palpule | n.a. |
Fukushima et al. (2010) [17] | 1 | M | 58 | left skull | no | n.a | n.a | n.a |
Lee et al. (2010) [18] | 1 | M | 49 | tip of nose | no | n.a. | dark spot | C |
Isa et al. (2011) [19] | 1 | M | 81 | left nasal alae | no | normal | multilobulated mass | negative |
Ackerman et al. (2001) [20] | 1 | M | 52 | left scapula | no | 10000 ng/ml | hemangio-sarcoma | B,C |
Braune et al. (2001) [21] | 1 | M | 76 | right chest | yes | n.a. | subcutaneous tumor | n.a. |
Al-Mashat FM (2004) [22] | 1 | M | 60 | chest wall | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Amador et al. (2007) [23] | 1 | M | 80 | shoulder | no | n.a. | abscess-like | B |
Terada et al. (2010) [24] | 1 | M | 86 | right chest | no | n.a | cutaneous mass | C |
Suzuki et al. (2003) [25] | 1 | M | 66 | abdomen | n.a. | n.a. | subcutaneous nodule | C |
Lee et al. (2004) [26] | 1 | M | 68 | right upper abdomen | yes | normal | red nodule | B |
Hyun et al. (2006) [27] | 1 | M | 56 | left abdomen | no | 308 ng/ml | n.a. | B |
Nggada et al. (2006) [28] | 1 | M | 53 | chest, back abdomen, | no | negative | nodules | B |
Martinez Ramos et al. (2007) [29] | 1 | W | 70 | subxyphoid region | yes | 324000 ng/ml | violaceous cutaneous mass | C |
Rowe et al. (2007) [30] | 1 | W | 72 | abdominal wall | yes | n.a. | nodule | no |
Özdil et al. (2009) [31] | 1 | M | 76 | right abdomen | yes | 1860 ng/ml | subcutaneous tumor | B |
Chen et al. (2011) [32] | 1 | F | 69 | abdominal wall | yes | 275-1217 ng/ml | n.a | C |
Fang et al. (2001) [33] | 1 | M | 49 | back, hands, feet | no | n.a. | reddish-blue papules | n.a. |
Kanitakis et al. (2003) [34] | 1 | F | 50 | right arm | no | increased | n.a. | n.a. |
Nagaoka et al. (2004) [35] | 1 | F | 77 | right waist | yes | 8 ng/ml | reddish papules | n.a. |
Masannat et al. (2007) [36] | 1 | M | 63 | left calf | no | 5 ng/ml | like soft-tissue sarcoma | n.a. |