The bidirectional interation between pancreatic cancer and diabetes

Table 3 The potential mechanisms of hyperglycemia in PanCa progression

Parameters		Expression levels	Role in PanCa	Refs
RAGE		Increased	Increased metastatic ability	[44, 45]
ROS	Hydrogen peroxide	Increased	Enhanced the invasive and	[46, 48]
		Increased	migratory activity
Antioxidant	MnSOD	Decreased	Enhanced the invasive and migratory activity	[50, 51]
enzymes	Catalase, glutathione peroxidase	Decreased
		Decreased
Cytokines and their receptors	GDNF and RET	Increased	Enhanced cell proliferation	[55]
	EGF	Increased	Enhanced cell proliferation	[56]
	EGFR	Transactivation	Enhanced cell proliferation
	NGF	Increased	Aggravated the process of perineural invasion	[58]
	P75	Decreased

EGF, epidermal growth factor; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; MnSOD, manganese superoxide dismutase; NGF, nerve growth factor; PanCa, pancreatic cancer; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products; ROS, reactive oxygen species; uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator.

ISSN: 1477-7819