Table 2 Clinicopathological factors of patients with or without LVI

Sex

 Female

4

(40%)

6

(60%)

0.968

 Male

11

(39%)

17

(61%)

Age (years)

  < 65

2

(25%)

6

(75%)

0.335

  > 65

13

(43%)

17

(57%)

Body composition

  < BMI 25

13

(39%)

20

(61%)

0.979

  > BMI 25

2

(40%)

3

(60%)

Histological type

 Differentiated

10

(43%)

13

(57%)

0.530

 Undifferentiated

5

(33%)

10

(67%)

Tumor size

  < 50 mm

10

(34%)

19

(66%)

0.263

  > 50 mm

5

(56%)

4

(44%)

Depth of tumor

 T1

5

(24%)

16

(76%)

0.068

 T2

6

(67%)

3

(33%)

 T3

4

(50%)

4

(50%)

Lymph node metastasis

 N0

13

(36%)

23

(64%)

0.049^*

 N1

0

(0%)

0

(0%)

 N2

2

(100%)

0

(0%)

Stage

 I

9

(32%)

19

(68%)

0.125

 II

6

(60%)

4

(40%)

Lymphatic invasion

 Negative

3

(12%)

23

(88%)

 < 0.001^*

 Positive

12

(100%)

0

(0%)

Venous invasion

 Negative

7

(23%)

23

(77%)

 < 0.001^*

 Positive

8

(100%)

0

(0%)

Operative time

  < 340 min

6

(32%)

13

(68%)

0.318

  > 340 min

9

(47%)

10

(53%)

Estimated blood loss

  < 400 mL

3

(21%)

11

(79%)

0.753

  > 400 mL

12

(50%)

12

(50%)

Intraoperative blood transfusion

 No

11

(37%)

19

(63%)

0.497

 Yes

4

(50%)

4

(50%)

Postoperative complication (CD grade ≥ 3)

 No

11

(37%)

19

(63%)

0.497

 Yes

4

(50%)

4

(50%)