Fig. 4

Single-port 3D endoscopic-assisted (S-P 3D E-) subcutaneous mastectomy for bilateral gynecomastia. 4.1 S-P 3D E-subcutaneous mastectomy in Simon grade I. (4.1a) Preoperative appearance. (4.1b) Pre-operative marking. (4.1c) Breast specimen that was removed via an incision at lateral chest and the specimen weight 163 g. (4.1d, 4.1e) Anterior and lateral view of postoperative appearance. 4.2 S-P 3D E-subcutaneous mastectomy in Simon grade IIb. (4.2a) Preoperative appearance. (4.2b) Preoperative marking. (4.2c) Breast specimen that was removed via an incision at lateral chest and the specimen weight 556.7 g. (4.2d, 4.2e) Anterior and lateral view of postoperative appearance